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2a11航空铝合金浸锌及化学镀镍工艺的研究
首发时间：2021-05-20
摘要：铝合金因其具有许多优异的性能，在航空、汽车、电子等领域具有广阔的商业应用前景。当下，在严酷的航空环境中应用，对铝合金提出了更高的性能要求。然而，由于铝的化学性质活泼，不加处理直接应用会限制铝合金优势的发挥，为了克服铝合金表面性能方面的缺点，表面处理技术在解决或提高铝合金应用方面的各种问题方面就显得极其重要。本文使用化学镀镍对2a11铝合金表面进行处理，制备一种低磷-中磷-高磷的梯度组合镀层。前处理中重点对浸锌工艺进行研究，对不同浸锌条件对镀层形貌、结合力及耐蚀性进行测试。对不同工艺条件下制备的低磷、中磷、高磷镀层性能进行分析。通过实验得到了最优的浸锌工艺条件及最优的组合镀化学镀镍工艺条件。最优的浸锌工艺条件为浸锌温度20-25℃，一次浸锌时间60s，退锌10s，二次浸锌时间30s。最优的组合镀化学镀镍工艺条件为：低磷施镀40℃，10min；中磷施镀90℃，1h；高磷施镀90℃，2h。
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study of zincating and electroless nickel plating on 2a11 aviation aluminum alloy
abstract：aluminum alloy has broad commercial application prospects in aviation, automobile, electronics and other fields because of its many excellent properties. nowadays, application in harsh aviation environments puts forward higher performance requirements for aluminum alloy. however, due to the active chemical nature of aluminum, direct application without treatment will limit the advantages of aluminum alloy. in order to overcome the shortcomings of aluminum alloy surface performance, surface treatment technology appears to solve or improve various problems in aluminum alloy applications.study on the process of zinc dipping and electroless nickel plating for 2a11 aviation aluminum alloy very important. in this paper, electroless nickel plating was used to treat the surface of 2a11 aluminum alloy to prepare a low-phosphorus-medium-phosphorus-high-phosphorus gradient composite coating. in the pre-treatment, the zinc immersion process is mainly studied, and the morphology, bonding force and corrosion resistance of the coating layer are tested under different zinc immersion conditions. the properties of low-phosphorus, medium-phosphorus and high-phosphorus coatings prepared under different process conditions are analyzed. the optimal zinc dipping process conditions and the optimal combined electroless nickel plating process conditions were obtained through experiments. the optimal zinc dipping process conditions are the dipping temperature of 20-25℃, the first dipping time of 60s, the dezincification of 10s, and the second dipping time of 30s. the optimal combined electroless nickel plating process conditions are low-phosphorus plating at 40℃, 10min; medium-phosphorus plating at 90℃, 1h; high-phosphorus plating at 90℃, 2h.
keywords： physical chemistry aluminum alloy pretreatment zinc dipping electroless nickel plating
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2a11航空铝合金浸锌及化学镀镍工艺的研究
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