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to overcome the disadvantages generated by the loosened nanoparticle agglomerates dispersed in polymer composites, a chemical grafting method was applied to modify nano-alumina, silicon carbide and silicon nitride through covalently introducing polyacrylamide (paam) onto the particles. sliding wear tests demonstrated that the frictional coefficient and specific wear rate of the nanoparticles/epoxy composites are lower than those of unfilled epoxy. grafted nanoparticles reinforced composites have the lowest frictional property and the highest wear resistance due to the strengthening of the nanoparticle agglomerates and the enhancement of filler/matrix interfacial interaction resulting from the grafting polymers. comparatively, graft treatment of nanoparticles is more beneficial to the improvement of the tribological features of the composites than the silane treatment that is used conventionally.

应用差示扫描量热方法研究了纳米二氧化硅（sio2）及其表面接枝改性对聚丙烯（pp）结晶过程、等温与非等温结晶动力学的影响，并研究了上述等温结晶的熔融行为和平衡熔点。研究发现纳米sio2具有明显的异相成核效应，能够提高pp的结晶温度、熔融温度、结晶度和结晶速率，但降低聚丙烯结晶的完善程度。粒子的表面接枝处理，因改善了粒子与基体的亲和性而有利于粒子成核效应的提高，而且此效应尚与粒子的分散相关。

to tailor the interfacial interaction in magnetic metal nanoparticles filled polymer composites, the surfaces of iron, cobalt and nickel nanoparticles were grafted by irradiation polymerization. in the current report, effects of grafting conditions, including irradiation atmosphere, irradiation dose and monomer concentration, on the grafting reaction are presented. the interaction between the nanoparticles and the grafted polymer was studied by thermal analysis and x-ray photoelectron spectrometry. it was found that there is a strong interfacial interaction in the form of electrostatic bonding in the polymer-grafted nanoparticles. the dispersibility of the modified nanoparticles in chloroform was significantly improved due to the increased hydrophobicity.

synthesis of nanometer-sized clusters of cds in inverse-micellar solution and in situ chemical derivatization of the surface of these cluster compounds were studied in the current paper. the nanoparticle surface can be terminated and passivated by the addition of imidazole and thiol molecules, which allows of inhibiting the particle from agglomeration, improving particle distribution in organic solvents and polymer matrices, and blocking surface defects that cause radiationless recombination of charge carriers. the solubility of these re-dispersible powders in different solvents was studied, and then the cds quantum dots-polymer composites were prepared using solution mixing method. by means of optical, structural and thermal characterization techniques, the particle distribution and interfacial interaction in the composite systems and their influence on the properties of quantum cds were revealed in detail.